Difference between revisions of "LASER Cutter Materials"

From MakeICT Wiki
Jump to navigationJump to search
Line 17: Line 17:
 
! Name !! DANGER !! WARNING  
 
! Name !! DANGER !! WARNING  
 
|-
 
|-
| ABS || Emits cyanide gas and tends to melt || ABS does not cut well in a laser cutter. It tends to melt rather than vaporize, and has a higher chance of catching on fire and leaving behind melted gooey deposits on the vector cutting grid. It also does not engrave well (again, tends to melt).
+
| ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) || Emits cyanide gas and tends to melt || ABS does not cut well in a laser cutter. It tends to melt rather than vaporize, and has a higher chance of catching on fire and leaving behind melted gooey deposits on the vector cutting grid. It also does not engrave well (again, tends to melt).
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Chlorinated plastics (PVC/Poly Vinyl Chloride, vinyl/pleather/artificial leather) || Emits pure chlorine gas when cut! || '''Don't ever cut this material''' as it will ruin the optics, cause the metal of the machine to corrode, and ruin the motion control system. Bubbles yellow, smokes alot, STINKS!!!!!
 
| Chlorinated plastics (PVC/Poly Vinyl Chloride, vinyl/pleather/artificial leather) || Emits pure chlorine gas when cut! || '''Don't ever cut this material''' as it will ruin the optics, cause the metal of the machine to corrode, and ruin the motion control system. Bubbles yellow, smokes alot, STINKS!!!!!
Line 24: Line 24:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Fiberglass || Emits fumes || It's a mix of two materials that cant' be cut. Glass (etch, no cut) and epoxy resin (fumes)   
 
| Fiberglass || Emits fumes || It's a mix of two materials that cant' be cut. Glass (etch, no cut) and epoxy resin (fumes)   
 +
|-
 +
| Galvanized metal || Emits dangerous fumes || Zinc fumes are poisonous. Galvanized metal should never be super heated (so don't weld on it either).
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Milk bottles/HDPE || Catches fire and melts || It melts, gets gooey. DON'T. Someone has to clean the hex worktable.
 
| Milk bottles/HDPE || Catches fire and melts || It melts, gets gooey. DON'T. Someone has to clean the hex worktable.

Revision as of 13:39, 18 October 2015


NEVER CUT THESE MATERIALS

WARNING: Because many plastics are dangerous to cut, it is important to know what kind you are planning to use.

Name DANGER WARNING
ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) Emits cyanide gas and tends to melt ABS does not cut well in a laser cutter. It tends to melt rather than vaporize, and has a higher chance of catching on fire and leaving behind melted gooey deposits on the vector cutting grid. It also does not engrave well (again, tends to melt).
Chlorinated plastics (PVC/Poly Vinyl Chloride, vinyl/pleather/artificial leather) Emits pure chlorine gas when cut! Don't ever cut this material as it will ruin the optics, cause the metal of the machine to corrode, and ruin the motion control system. Bubbles yellow, smokes alot, STINKS!!!!!
Coated Carbon Fiber Emits noxious fumes A mix of two materials. Thin carbon fiber mat can be cut, with some fraying - but not when coated
Fiberglass Emits fumes It's a mix of two materials that cant' be cut. Glass (etch, no cut) and epoxy resin (fumes)
Galvanized metal Emits dangerous fumes Zinc fumes are poisonous. Galvanized metal should never be super heated (so don't weld on it either).
Milk bottles/HDPE Catches fire and melts It melts, gets gooey. DON'T. Someone has to clean the hex worktable.
Mirrored surfaces Will not cut, reflects laser beam Mirror surfaces can reflect the laser beam, damaging the cutter's interior components. Some mirrored materials can be placed reflective-side down and cut.
Polycarbonate/Lexan Cut very poorly, discolor, catch fire Polycarbonate is often found as flat, sheet material. The window of the laser cutter is made of Polycarbonate because polycarbonate strongly absorbs infrared radiation! This is the frequency of light the laser cutter uses to cut materials, so it is very ineffective at cutting polycarbonate. Polycarbonate is a poor choice for laser cutting.
PolyPropylene Foam Catches fire Like PolyStyrene, it melts, catches fire, and the melted drops continue to burn and turn into rock-hard drips and pebbles.
PolyStyrene Foam Catches fire Like PolyPropylene. It catches fire, it melts, and only thin pieces cut. This is the #1 material that causes laser fires!!!
Pressure treated wood Emits dangerous fumes Should never be burned -- not in your fireplace, and definitely not in our LASER

Approved Materials

Organics and Plastics

NOTE: If your material is not on the list, check with Mike

Name Engrave Cut Max thickness Notes WARNING
Acrylic (aka Lucite, Plexiglas, PMMA) x x 1/2" Cuts well, leaves a smooth polished edge. Higher powers can leave smoke/scorch marks along edges. Some people remove paper/plastic protection sheets before cutting.
Cardboard, cartons x x thicker Cuts well, can catch fire FIRE hazard!
Ceramic x
Cloth (cotton, felt, hemp) x x Cuts easily NO plastic coated or impregnated cloth!
Corian x x
Cork x x 1/4" Cuts nicely, the quality of the cut depends on the thickness and quality of the cork. Engineered cork has a lot of glue in it, may not cut nicely.
Delrin x x thin Comes in a number of shore strengths (hardness), the harder tends to work better. Great for gears!
Fiberglass x x
Glass x Has a sandblasted look, green glass works best
Leather, suede x x 1/8" Leather is very hard to cut, can be if thinner than a belt thickness
MDF, engineered woods x x 1/4" May experience a higher amount of charring when cut
Magnetic sheet x x Cuts easily
Marble x
Matte Board x x
Melamine x x
Mylar x x 1/16" Works well if it's thin. Thick mylar has a tendency to warp, bubble, and curl Gold coated mylar will not work
Paper, card stock x x thin
Plywood, composite woods x x 1/4" Contain glue, and may not cut as well as solid wood
Pressboard x x
NON-CHLORINE Rubber x x DO NOT CUT unless the rubber compound has been tested Beware chlorine-containing rubber! If you're not sure, assume you've got chlorinated rubber, and don't cut it.
Tile x
Wood x x 1/4" Avoid oily/resinous woods FIRE - Cutting oily woods, or very resinous woods can catch fire.
Wood Veneer x x 1/4" Contain glue, and may not cut as well as solid wood


Metals

Name Engrave Cut Notes
Anodized Aluminum x Vaporizes the anodized layer away
Bare Metals x
Brass x
Coated Metals x
Painted Metals x Vaporizes the paint away
Stainless Steel x
Titanium x
  • CO2 lasers will engrave metals when coated with an added metal marking solution

Suppliers

Under construction